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　　International online comprehensive news: The heads of more than 20 major domestic enterprises engaged in online performances (live broadcasts) jointly issued the "Beijing Webcast Industry Self-discipline Convention", promising that from the 18th, webcasting rooms must be marked with watermarks; Content storage time is not less than 15 days for future reference; All anchors must be real-name certified; For anchors who broadcast political, gun-related, drug-related, violent and pornographic content, serious cases will be blacklisted; Auditors conduct 24-hour real-time supervision on the live content on the platform.

　　The brutal development of webcasting industry

　　The extremely low industry threshold and the temptation to make money without leaving home make the network anchor team expand rapidly and fall into the strange circle of barbaric growth. In order to become popular, some network anchors should take off what they shouldn’t, show what they shouldn’t, do what they shouldn’t, and say what they shouldn’t, at the request of fans, in order to let the "golden master" get the so-called stimulation and pleasure. The original clean live broadcast room was made a mess.

　　Low barriers to entry in the industry

　　The surging webcast lowered the threshold of popularity and made it possible for many grassroots to become famous overnight — — A microphone and a camera have become the gold digging tools in cyberspace. According to media reports, on the webcast platforms such as Betta, Crouching, and Show Together, popular anchors with an annual income of millions of yuan are fully grasped, and some even earn more than 10 million yuan.

　　Some anchors do whatever it takes to become popular.

　　"Earn six figures a month" and "reward" … … The kaleidoscope-like webcasting makes the anchors rich and admired. At the same time, some anchors do whatever it takes to "get out of position". According to reports, an online male anchor named "play is Happy" broke into a school in Nanjing and publicly broadcast live to harass girls. What is even more paradoxical is that after the behavior of the network male anchor was stopped by the security guards in the school, his fans did not condemn the anchor but abused teachers and students online … …

　　The income of network anchors mainly depends on netizens’ "reward"

　　A staff member of the webcast platform revealed that the income of the network anchor mainly depends on the "reward" of netizens. As long as you are willing to take off and show off and meet the requirements of the "golden master", the "reward" will be high. Among the fans of the anchor, "local tyrants" abound, and they can spend a lot of money on their favorite anchors without even frowning. In order to make fans happy and get more "rewards", anchors naturally show their magical powers and perform heartily, making the network anchor space a low-level, vulgar and indecent place.

　　A 12-year-old boy from Minhou, Fuzhou stole 30,000 yuan from his mother to give a gift to the network anchor.

　　Xiaolin, a 12-year-old fifth-grade primary school boy in Minhou, stole his mother’s mobile phone to buy expensive virtual goods for the anchor in order to please his favorite network anchor, and spent nearly 30 thousand yuan a month.

　　Netizens spent 50,000 yuan on gifts just to keep the female anchor calling his name.

　　A fan with a live ID named "Dungeon Warrior" said that he had spent more than 10,000 yuan for his favorite female anchor since last year, which was nothing compared with those local fans who lavished millions. "In that world, as long as you spend money, you are the king. This is the feeling that watching star videos won’t happen at all. The female anchor will always interact with you. You can’t understand the satisfaction of calling your name and saying thank you and love you in front of tens of thousands of people. This gives me a sense of power and a strong sense of superiority, which makes me feel stronger than all the men in the room, especially with dignity, as if I control the world. "

　　The competition in online celebrity is fierce, and the interest chains are interlinked.

　　It is precisely because of online celebrity’s profitable capital that many companies, seeing the unlimited business opportunities, have started to concentrate on signing contracts and training, and input them into the live broadcast platform. "I’m Zero Egg" is a student at school. She emphasizes that she has natural characteristics without artificial synthesis. After being signed by a brokerage company, she will broadcast live on the Dragon Ball platform. In addition to the basic salary, the extra income from the live broadcast will be shared with the platform and the brokerage company. According to her, "most anchors are pushed to the live broadcast platform by brokerage companies, and some small platforms have less budgets and more direct docking with anchors." She said that even if a contracted anchor wants to get the top page, it is generally necessary for the anchor to apply for the top request with the company. "Then the company arranges the top through the registration order, but the chance of being topped is very small."

　　Is it feasible for the popular anchor to enter the entertainment circle offline?

　　Some people think that the live content of these eyeballs, such as posing, selling cute and playing cute, singing and telling jokes, may one day be bored by netizens. In fact, at present, some anchors have stepped out of the narrow space in their homes and gone outdoors and even internationally, and entertainment life such as travel, ball games and star conferences has gradually become live content.

　　Expert suggestion: regulatory legislation needs to be refined

　　Some legal experts said that because the definition of pornography in the current relevant laws is not specific enough, webcasting frequently plays "edge ball". Webcast, as a new product, should be based on its characteristics, and introduce a new basis to refine the supervision of live content, so that the live broadcast platform and practitioners can clearly understand their legal responsibilities. However, in view of the lack of protection for minors in the webcast platform, legal scholars have called for the urgent introduction of a grading system related to Internet content.

According to the information of digital video financing and securities lending, on March 18, 2024, the net repayment of financing was 6,954,300 yuan; The financing balance was 759 million yuan, down 0.91% from the previous day.

In terms of financing, 18,503,100 yuan was bought in financing on that day, 25,457,300 yuan was repaid in financing, and 6,954,300 yuan was repaid in net financing. In terms of securities lending, 300 shares were sold, 7,000 shares were repaid, the margin of securities lending was 1,516,400 shares, and the balance of securities lending was 7,885,300 yuan. The balance of margin financing and securities lending totaled 767 million yuan.

Disclaimer: This article is based on big data production, for reference only, and does not constitute any investment advice. Therefore, the operation risk is at your own risk.

　　Samsung officially closed its last mobile phone manufacturing factory in China.

　　On October 2nd, it was reported in Reuters that Samsung Electronics said that it had stopped producing mobile phone products in China because of the increasingly fierce competition from domestic competitors in China. This also means that Samsung’s last factory in China, located in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, has also been shut down.

　　Samsung China responded to the The Paper reporter that Huizhou Samsung Electronics was one of Samsung’s first factories in China in 1992. Considering the current situation of the global mobile phone market, in order to improve the efficiency of global production and operation, it was forced to make a decision to stop production in Huizhou.

　　"In the past 27 years since entering China, Samsung has followed the industrial guidance direction of the China government and adjusted its industrial layout in time to adapt to the rapid development and changes of the China market. The adjustment of the Huizhou factory is a normal industrial adjustment; Samsung’s industrial layout in China has been transformed into a high-end manufacturing industry in line with the direction of the China Municipal Government. In the past six years, it has continued to invest in high-end industries in China, amounting to more than 20 billion US dollars, far higher than the amount of industrial adjustment, and will continue to invest in high-end industries in China in the future. " Samsung said in a statement.

　　Samsung said that in view of the problem of employee placement, the company will fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees, and properly solve it through various forms such as branch relocation and re-employment support to minimize employee losses.

　　Since the beginning of this year, there have been media reports that Samsung will continue to shut down this Huizhou mobile phone factory and transfer its production capacity to Vietnam, India and other countries to cope with the pressure of rising labor costs in China. In the low-end market of China, ODM or OEM mode is adopted.

　　Samsung had previously responded to the media: "Due to the severe market situation and intensified competition in China, we are adjusting the output of Huizhou factory."

　　Huizhou Samsung Electronics has been pushing the recruitment information of other companies on WeChat WeChat official account for several months to find job opportunities for Huizhou factory employees.

　　The full name of Samsung Huizhou Factory is Huizhou Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., which was established in 1992 as a joint venture between samsung galaxy Co., Ltd. and Guangdong Huizhou Real Estate Corporation. It was officially put into production in September 1993 with a registered capital of $32 million. Mobile phone production was introduced in 2006, and now it has developed into 40 GSM/CDMA/3G mobile phone production lines and more than 30 SMD automatic production lines. The products MAINly include main audio, DVD home theater, mobile phone and other products, with a factory area of 120,000 square meters and a construction area of 35,000 square meters.

　　In recent years, Samsung’s mobile phone sales in China’s domestic market are not good, and it is impossible to provide enough orders to the China factory; However, the high cost of the China factory made it impossible to receive orders from other Samsung markets, which led to a difficult situation for the China factory. In December last year, Samsung closed the Tianjin mobile phone factory.

　　A few days ago, the market research company Strategy Analytics released a report saying that Samsung Electronics’ share in China’s smartphone market in the second quarter was less than 1% due to the influence of more China consumers choosing to buy domestic smartphones. In 2013, Samsung’s smartphone market share in China once reached about 20%.

　　Samsung has also said that it is reorganizing and matching global industries, and the specific measures are to transfer intensive factories to countries with lower labor costs.

　　Regarding the closure of Tianjin mobile phone factory, Samsung said that it actively eliminated backward production capacity, and at the same time, it vigorously increased investment in high-tech industries and added high-end manufacturing projects such as MLCC (multilayer ceramic capacitors) and new energy power batteries. Among them, the MLCC plant is expected to be completed by the end of this year. By then, Tianjin will become one of the major overseas production bases of Samsung Electric, providing basic electronic components for mobile phones, computers, automotive electronics and other equipment worldwide, greatly improving the level and internationalization of the electronics industry in Tianjin.

　　Huang Degui, president of Samsung Greater China, recently told People’s Daily that Samsung has become an important participant in the high-quality development of China’s manufacturing industry. "In the future, Samsung will continue to provide China consumers with an important driving force for a better life through technological breakthroughs and high-tech products. At the same time, it will continue to adapt to the development and changes of the China market, strengthen reform and innovation, accelerate transformation and upgrading, and strive to achieve high-quality development."

　　The Paper reporter Ling Zhou

　　Xinhuanet Guiyang, April 2 (Lu Zhijia) This year is a crucial year for Guizhou to implement the action of "strengthening the province". Doing a good job in economic work in the first quarter is of great significance to promoting high-quality economic and social development and achieving the goals and tasks for the whole year. As the main battlefield for Guizhou to implement the strategic action of "strengthening the province", Yunyan District in the central city of Guiyang has been pressing ahead since the beginning of the year, making every effort to grasp projects, attract investment and promote consumption, and strive to "open the door steadily" in the first quarter.

Micro-core technology located in Yunyan old cigarette factory. Xinhua Net Fa (photo by Guo Ran)

　　Speed up the construction around the key project "stepping on the spring"

　　Recently, in the key project site of the first phase of education infrastructure construction in Sanma area of Yunyan District (the primary school attached to the National People’s Congress), most of the main buildings of this project have been capped, and the teaching building is being installed, and the workers are busy in an orderly and nervous manner at the scene. Qiu Shikai, the person in charge of the project site, said that as one of the key projects in Yunyan District, the project attached to the National People’s Congress has a total investment of 838 million yuan. After completion, it will have 48 classes and 1,920 degrees, focusing on solving the problem of schooling for the surrounding children. "We are increasing personnel investment, strengthening financial guarantee, seizing time, striving for speed and ensuring safety, and ensuring that the project is completed on time, with good quality and quantity."

Aerial photography of the construction site of the small project attached to the People’s Congress in Yunyan District. Xinhua Net Fa (LongbuildRui she)

　　It is reported that Sanma Industrial Concentrated Development Zone is one of the industrial concentrated development zones in Yunyan District with the principle of "concentration+decentralization", and it is an important platform for carrying high-quality projects and cultivating industrial clusters.

　　Park construction, the foundation first. At the beginning of this year, Bid A of Mawang Road in Sanma District was officially opened to traffic, and successfully connected with Bid B and Bid C, which realized the east-west connection of Sanqiao South Road, Gaicha Avenue, Shubo Avenue and Baihua Avenue, effectively relieved the traffic pressure of Beijing West Road and Baihua Avenue, and also marked the completion of 22 broken road projects in the city.

　　In terms of real estate industry, key projects such as Enxiang Vanke Guanshan Jiadi, Hellenborg Tianyuefu, Lushan Urban Complex and Wuyue Plaza in Yunyan District are also being promoted in an orderly manner.

　　The new city is jointing and the old city is rejuvenating, creating a livable and suitable environment for economic development. Yunyan District is also promoting the transformation of old residential areas. Entering the renovation project of the old residential area in Minsheng Road area, many parking spaces have been added in the courtyard, the dark corridor has also been painted, and workers are replacing the manhole cover. "Now the old appearance of the courtyard, the rectification of sewage discharge, lighting monitoring equipment and other projects have been completed. Next, fitness equipment and cultural corridors will be set up in the community." Wang Lei, the project leader, said. At present, the renovation project has entered the final stage and is expected to be completed before the end of June this year.

　　To improve the happiness of community residents, on the one hand, we should solve their "just need" of life, and also find gyms, coffee shops and theaters nearby. To this end, Yunyan District is drawing a "15-minute life circle" for citizens through project implementation.

The construction of Shanhai City Sports Park in Yunyan District has come to an end. Xinhua Net Fa (photo by Lu Xiaofang)

　　The construction of Shanhai City Sports Park, located in Baoshan North Road, Yunyan District, is drawing to a close. A comprehensive project focusing on sports services and integrating health, culture, leisure and education will soon be "upgraded" in densely populated areas in Yunyan District. "At present, 9 large stadiums and 1 kindergarten, including basketball stadium, badminton stadium, boxing stadium, rhythmic gymnastics hall and art stadium, have been completed, covering 11 projects, and all other projects will be completed by the end of April." Cai Qingbin, chairman of Guizhou Shanhai Education Group, said that all the project coaches in the venue are retired athletes from provincial teams and national teams, and there are international referees to guide the teaching.

　　In addition, the construction of Xinhua Cultural and Creative Block in Yunyan District, which started at the end of March 2022, is also in full swing. This block, formerly known as Guizhou Xinhua Printing Factory, will be transformed into an innovative cultural tourism consumption block integrating museums, exhibition halls, bookstores, comprehensive business districts and cultural and creative markets, and it is expected to be put into use in October.

　　Focus on strong chain, supplement chain, quantity and quality, and strengthen investment promotion

　　In the first quarter of this year, Yunyan District focused on "specialization and innovation" and aimed at "strengthening the chain", and actively set up investment promotion teams to go to Beijing, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Chengdu and other places to set off a powerful offensive of industrial investment promotion.

　　On February 14th, Yunyan District went to Shenzhen with a series of "gift packages" for enterprises, such as ten preferential policies for attracting investment and ten preferential policies for safety and business, and opened a special industry investment promotion meeting in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, recommending superior resources and industrial clusters to 88 enterprises, and making field visits to many enterprises.

　　Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is rich in innovative resources, active in scientific research and development, and high-quality enterprises gather. At present, industrial capital has a strong driving force for scale transfer and expansion to the mainland. Undertaking industrial transfer in Greater Bay Area is of great practical significance for Yunyan District to achieve high-quality development.

Yunyan District Industry Investment Promotion Conference in 2023-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Special Session was held in Shenzhen on February 14th. Xinhua Net Fa (photo by Guo Ran)

　　At the promotion meeting, responsible persons of enterprises such as Shenzhen Beidou Communication Technology Co., Ltd. and China Electronic Information Industry Group all expressed their willingness to go to Yunyan for on-the-spot investigation. Wei Tiangui, chairman of Shenzhen Tiansheng IOT Technology Co., Ltd., said that the company now plans to expand its production scale, hoping to realize research and development in Shenzhen and move production to Guiyang …

　　Since the start of a new round of cooperation between the east and the west, Yunyan District has visited Guangdong for investment many times and introduced a number of enterprises and projects with strong chain, supplementary chain and extended chain. Up to now, 62 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area projects have been introduced into Yunyan District, mainly in the fields of electronic information manufacturing, big data integration and modern commerce, with a total investment of nearly 60 billion yuan. Nine upstream and downstream industrial projects, such as Shenzhen Xinxian AI artificial intelligence system research and development and intelligent manufacturing project, Xinhuoyuechuang intelligent manufacturing and engineering technology center project and Shenzhen Angdai photoelectric electronic display project, were introduced.

　　On March 4th, at the work promotion meeting of the 2023 Industrial Investment Promotion Breakthrough Year held in Yunyan District, the "spring offensive" of investment promotion in Yunyan District reached a climax, and 15 projects were signed centrally, with a total investment of 20.6 billion yuan, covering key areas such as commerce and trade, cultural tourism, urban renewal, big data, intelligent manufacturing, productive services, big health and rural revitalization.

Centralized signing ceremony of industrial investment projects in Yunyan District in the first quarter of 2023. Xinhua Net Fa (photo by Guo Ran)

　　Wang Qiyun, secretary of Yunyan District Party Committee, said at the meeting that the whole region should change the concept of investment promotion, innovate the way of investment promotion, focus on "specialization and novelty", fully promote investment promotion in industrial chain, continue to deepen the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" and "running once at most", enhance the service capacity of "one network to run", and comprehensively strengthen the construction of government, business and policy environment.

　　In the first quarter of this year, Yunyan District introduced three central enterprises and state-owned enterprises, and completed 18 contracted projects at the district level with a contracted investment of 20.8 billion yuan. Yunyan District, which is in the period of "Strong Province Meeting", the initial stage of "Old Town Core" construction and the period of industrial development transformation and upgrading, will implement the "Six Major Investment Promotion Actions" with the attitude of attracting all employees this year to promote high-quality development with high-quality investment promotion.

　　Focus on quality upgrading, tap the potential and promote consumption

　　During the Spring Festival, Yunyan District took food as the medium, and held the "Fresh Buy Festival" and the "Fresh Food Festival" in Zhengxin Street, the favorite base of old Guiyang, and Taiping Road, the newly-built trend block, respectively, and adopted a series of measures such as "consumption reduction" and "shopping lottery" to benefit the people and ignite the holiday economy in the thick flavor of the year.

Citizens play in the Food Festival of Taiping Road in Yunyan District. Xinhua Net Fa (photo by Guo Ran)

　　Recently, the "script killing" business of "Qiqi Reasoning Society" in Baoshan North Road, Yunyan District has continued to be hot, with an average of about 4 games per day, and the tables are often full and even need to be turned over on weekends …

　　Yitian Holiday Plaza, located in Dayingpo, Yunyan District, is becoming more and more popular. In the square outside the shopping mall, the trunk market attracts a large number of citizens to stop spending. In the shopping mall, there are long queues at the gates of some popular catering shops. "Now it has basically returned to the peak state, and it is basically full on Friday and Saturday nights. Consumers are making online appointments to come to the store for dinner." The person in charge of a restaurant in Yitian Holiday Plaza said.

Citizens relax and spend money in a shopping mall in Yunyan District. Xinhuanet Lu Zhijia photo

　　Since the Spring Festival, the pace of consumer market recovery in Yunyan District has been accelerating, and various scenic spots and business districts are full of popularity. At the same time, a series of policies and measures to promote consumption have been introduced one after another, and consumer confidence has been further boosted.

　　It is reported that Yunyan District will also speed up the renovation and upgrading of night economic blocks such as Taiping Road and Minsheng Road, guide the upgrading of eight commercial complexes in the fountain-Grand Cross business district, and build Renmin Avenue into the central business district of the city. In the future, the Ark area will be built into a demonstration zone for the integration of cultural and business travel.

　　With the gradual implementation of a batch of business sports tourism projects, Yunyan District will reshape the core business district, upgrade the community business district, and rely on the constantly enriched consumer carriers and the constantly improved consumption quality to promote the sustained release of consumption potential.

　　Author: Yao Xiaoou (distinguished professor, College of Literature, Liaocheng University)

　　From the "school of ancient history discrimination" and "examination of ancient history" in the 1920s, to the end of last century and the beginning of this century, Mr. Li Xueqin advocated "getting out of the age of doubting ancient history", and the research on China’s ancient history was getting deeper and deeper, among which the re-establishment of the concept of China’s 5,000-year-old civilization history was the key. Tracing the origin and historical inheritance of Chinese civilization has become a cultural event of concern to the whole society, and the discovery and research of bamboo and silk documents is an important link in the study of historical inheritance of Chinese civilization.

　　Characteristics and advantages of bamboo and silk documents and China’s ancient historical records

　　Archaeologists pointed out: "Over the past 20 years, the Chinese civilization tracing project has gradually unveiled the mystery of the origin of Chinese civilization through the investigation and excavation of many urban sites such as Liangzhu in Zhejiang, Shijiahe in Hubei, Taosi in Shanxi, Shimao in Shaanxi and Erlitou in Henan. The Chinese civilization tracing project has basically clarified the origin and early development of Chinese civilization. " (Chen Xingcan: Promoting the Spread of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture, People’s Daily, 20th Edition, August 18th, 2022) As a general rule, the study of world history judges the historical age through archaeological achievements, all of which are combined with literature. The richness and inheritance of China’s historical documents are obvious to all.

　　Mr. Qian Cunxun, a famous expert on books and documents and a Chinese-American scholar, has a detailed exposition on the characteristics and advantages of China’s historical documents in his famous book "Books on Bamboo and Silk —— Ancient Written Records of China". He said: "most of the history of mankind depends on the spread of written records, so it has been preserved to this day." China people’s recording methods and techniques of thoughts and activities have their own special position in the history of world cultural development. " Mr. Qian pointed out: "A major feature of China’s written records is its unique persistence and continuity. This feature enables a creative ancient culture in the world to continue to this day. In addition to the common sounds and meanings of ordinary characters, China characters also have their own special forms. This kind of characters with special forms transcends the changes in time and the limitations in space, unites the Chinese nation and creates one of the greatest cultures in the world. "

　　In the preface to the book, Mr. Li Xueqin quoted the above comments and said, "I believe that anyone who has read the book on bamboo and silk will be moved by this significant conclusion." Mr. Li’s "significant judgment" includes its significance in clarifying the origin of Chinese civilization. "Book on Bamboo and Silk" gives a comprehensive account of the origin of China’s books, from inscriptions on Oracle bones, inscriptions on inscriptions and inscriptions on tablets to bamboo slips and silk books. Generally speaking, from the perspective of document inheritance, bamboo slips and silk books, especially the bamboo slips that record books, are particularly valuable for discussion.

　　The carrier of bamboo slips is bamboo slips, which are all kinds of writing materials made of bamboo and wood, including bamboo slips, bamboo slips, bamboo slips and bamboo slips. Because Jane is a large number, the above written materials are often collectively referred to as "Jane". A book made up of simplified editions is the most common form of ancient books.

　　Literatures written in simplified books were used very early. "Shangshu Toz": "Hey! Tell Doss, … only I know, but the ancestors of Yin have books and codes, and Yin died in the summer. " The words quoted in Todos are from the mouth of the Duke of Zhou, and the object of teaching is the adherents of Shang Dynasty. From this, we can see that the existence and content of the documents in the Shang Dynasty were well known at that time. Its credibility is beyond doubt. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, there are also many records of "books" and their use. Academic circles have a positive conclusion about the fact that simplified books have been used in Yin and Shang Dynasties. According to this, we can know that the existing Shang Shu Pan Geng and the source of Shang Song in the Book of Songs have cultural and institutional roots.

　　In addition, because of the material properties of organic materials, the document carrier of bamboo and silk is difficult to be preserved under normal conditions, which makes the number of ancient bamboo and silk buried in walls, underground and other places rediscovered by later generations small, so it should be especially cherished.

　　Discovery of bamboo and silk documents in past dynasties and its significance

　　Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism, which blocked the inheritance of China literature to a great extent. In the Han Dynasty, all kinds of pre-Qin classics appeared one after another, except for the book-carrying law in four years. During the period of Emperor Wu, ancient books of the pre-Qin period were unearthed in the walls of Confucius’ old house and other places. At that time, there were people who gave away the old books in the pre-Qin period. Ancient pre-Qin books discovered in the Han Dynasty mainly include the following three aspects.

　　First, Confucius’ book in the wall. Historical Records Biography of the Scholars: "Kong’s family has an ancient book" Shangshu ",while Anguo read it in this text, because it started his family. I have won more than ten articles from the Book, and I have covered the Book of History. " Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi said: "The author of The History of Ancient Chinese Literature is out of the wall of Confucius. At the end of Emperor Wu’s reign, the King of the Communist Party of Lu ruined Confucius’ residence and wanted to enlarge his palace, but he got dozens of articles, such as The History of Ancient Chinese Literature, The Book of Rites, The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Filial Piety, all of which were ancient characters. " Liu Xin’s Book of Dr. Taichang: "When King Lu Gong destroyed Confucius’ residence, he got ancient prose in a bad wall. There are thirty-nine Yi Li, sixteen Books, … and the Spring and Autumn Annals, all of which were written by Zuo Qiuming, and more than twenty books were hidden in the secret mansion, but they were not published."

　　Second, other unearthed documents and books in the Han Dynasty, including Li, Shangshu and Xiaojing. History of Han Art and Literature: "Li Gu Jing was written by Lu Yanzhong and Confucius, which is similar to seventeen articles, with thirty-nine articles more." Kong Yingda’s Justice of Shangshu quoted Liu Xiang’s Bielu: "At the end of Emperor Wu, if the people had the Thai Oath in the wall, they would give it." Kong also quoted Fang Hong, assistant minister of Huangmen in the 14th year of Jian ‘an in Xian Di, as saying: "In the first year of Taihe in Xuan Di, women in Hanoi had a bad old house and got three articles of Thai Oath." Xu Chong’s "On the Table of Explaining Words": "The author of the Classic of Ancient Chinese Filial Piety was presented by the three old people of Lu when he was filial to Emperor Zhao."

　　Third, Zuo Zhuan presented by Zhang Cang and the ancient books presented by Hejian to the king. Xu Shen’s Pre-narration of Shuowen Jiezi said: "Beiping Hou Zhang Cang presented Zuo’s Biography in the Spring and Autumn Period". Its writing is "self-similar" to the book in Confucius’ wall and the Ding Yi inscription unearthed. "Han Shu He Jian Xian Wang Chuan": "He Jian Xian Wang De was established two years ago with filial piety, studying the past well and seeking truth from facts. If you get a good book from the people, you must write it well, keep it true, and add gold and silk to it. Because the people of the Quartet Taoism are not far away, or there are old books from ancestors, which are often presented to the king, so there are many books. And the Han Dynasty, etc … The books presented to the king are all ancient books before the Qin Dynasty, and the titles of Zhou Guan, Shang Shu, Li Ji, Mencius and Lao Zi are all recorded by legends and discussed by the people of seventy. "

　　All kinds of classics we use today have been handed down by scholars in the Han Dynasty. All kinds of ancient pre-Qin books appeared in the Han Dynasty are of great significance to the establishment of the learning system in the Han Dynasty, and their influence has continued until now.

　　After the Han Dynasty, the famous event of finding ancient simplified books in tombs was the discovery of "Jizhong Bamboo Book". Wang Guowei made an incisive judgment on the significance of the discovery of bamboo slips and silks, including "Jizhong Bamboo Slips", in the study of China’s ancient history. He said, "There was a book in the wall of Confucius, and then there was the study of ancient writers since the Han Dynasty. There are ancient artifacts unearthed in Zhao and Song Dynasties, and then there are ancient artifacts and ancient characters since Song Dynasty. After the bamboo book of Jizhong was unearthed in the Jin Dynasty, the result was not significant because of the chaos in Yongjia. However, Du Yuzhi’s Zuo Zhuan and Guo Pu’s Shan Hai Jing all quoted his theory, and the deeds of Yu, Yi and Yi Yin recorded in Bamboo Annals have become a major issue in China’s literature. However, the knowledge in China’s books depends on the discoverer of the underground, and it is not from today. " (Wang Guowei: "China’s newly discovered knowledge in the past two or three decades")

　　It is said in the Annals of Bamboo Books that "those who share common interests do things of the emperor, not two-phase republic", which is different from that described in Records of the Historian Zhou Benji, but it is supported by Tsinghua bamboo slips. In a word, the discovery of bamboo slips and silks unearthed in the Han Dynasty is of great significance and far-reaching influence on the narrative of China’s ancient history and the inheritance of Chinese civilization.

　　The Discovery of Bamboo and Silk Documents since the 20th Century and Its Significance

　　Unearthed documents have played a key role in many important advances in academic research in the twentieth century. At the beginning of the 20th century, Wang Guowei used the newly discovered Oracle bone inscriptions at that time to write papers such as "Examination of the First Duke and the First King Seen in Yin Oracle Inscriptions" and "Continued Examination of the First Duke and the First King Seen in Yin Oracle Inscriptions", which proved that the history of Shang Dynasty described in Historical Records was basically correct, and thus inferred "the authenticity of Xia Houshi lineage". This assertion has extended the recorded history of China for more than 1000 years.

　　From the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, many discoveries and researches on bamboo and silk documents were greatly promoted. From the carrier, besides bamboo slips and silks, there are also Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, Wen Tao and inscriptions. Bamboo slips and slips mainly include two categories, one is documents, and the other is books. Documents include common tomb dispatches, ancient files, official documents, decrees and bookkeeping, as well as calendars, calendars, Japanese books and miscellaneous medical prescriptions. These types of documents are first-hand materials for studying the social system at that time and the living conditions of ancient people, which are naturally valuable. However, from the perspective of the historical inheritance of Chinese civilization, handed down classics and books similar to handed down classics are of greater significance. Bamboo Slips of Chu Tomb in Guodian, Bamboo Slips of Warring States Collected in Shanghai Museum, Bamboo Slips of Warring States Collected in Tsinghua University and Bamboo Slips of Warring States Collected in Anhui University contain many classics. For example, there are three kinds of Lao Zi and Yi Yi in Guodian bamboo slips, The Book of Songs and various Confucian documents in Shanghai bamboo slips, The Book of Songs and Shangshu in Tsinghua bamboo slips, The Book of Songs, National Style and The Analects of Confucius in Anda bamboo slips. In addition, the bamboo slips and Qin slips of the Western Han Dynasty collected by Peking University, and the Western Han bamboo slips of the tomb of Hai faint Hou, etc., also have important historical document value.

　　There are two aspects worthy of special attention in the historical significance of the classic simplified literature. The first is the study of thinkers represented by Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, including their ideological origin, the formation of unified ideas and their transmission in later generations. The second is the exploration of the ancient history of China, including the dating and historical orientation of the ancient history of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and before.

　　On the first aspect, the first breakthrough was made because of the publication of Bamboo Slips of Guodian Chu. On November 7th, 1999, the third edition of China Youth Daily published a series of articles written by Pang Pu, a famous philosopher and intellectual historian, with the title "How Bamboo Slips from Guodian Chu Tomb Rewrite the History of China Thought". The center of this group of articles is to discuss the inheritance of Guodian bamboo slips from Confucius to Mencius. The simplified version of Laozi has another meaning. The organizer of Guodian Bamboo Slips pointed out: "A and C of the simplified version of Laozi are the earliest copied versions of Laozi so far. Most of its sentences are similar or the same as this edition of Laozi. " This is strong evidence for affirming Lao Zi and his books recorded in historical documents. The study of the relationship between Laozi and Confucius can also be further deepened. Documents such as "Yi Yi" and "Five Elements" suggest that the Simeng School was widely spread in Chu at that time. New Confucian literature, such as "Self-assertion of Sex", "Poverty Reaches Time" and "The Way of Tang Yu", is also of great significance to the history of China’s thoughts. These show the inseparable relationship between Chu culture and the culture of the Central Plains during the Warring States period, and even for a number of periods. This is an excellent illustration of the pluralistic unity of Chinese culture.

　　As far as the history of China’s "three generations" is concerned, the existence of the Xia Dynasty was questioned by the school of ancient history differentiation, and as mentioned earlier, Wang Guowei once inferred the "authenticity of Xia Houshi’s lineage" contained in Historical Records based on the Oracle bones in the Yin ruins. According to "Guoyu Luyu", after being defeated by Tang, "Jie ran to the south nest". Rong Chengshi, a bamboo slip on Shanghai Bo, gives a more detailed account of this important historical event: "Jie is the Lishan family who fled, and Tang attacked it from this, and fell from the slogan to cut Kaminokado high." Jie is the south nest family who fled, and Tang attacked it. I fled to the wilderness of Sangwu. " Comparing the two, the main contents of Xia Jie’s ending in handed down literature and unearthed literature are consistent. The latter also mentioned that Jie’s final destination was "the wilderness of Cangwu". This is intriguing. In history, "the wilderness of Cangwu" is related to Shun. In the neighboring areas of this area, some unearthed bronzes are classified as "early Shang period", which is very beautiful and its cultural source is worth studying. Unearthed documents such as Tsinghua bamboo slips "Thick Father" and "Shenbuwei" also provide new materials for the study of Xia history.

　　Among the ancient civilizations in the world, the connotation and inheritance of Chinese civilization have their own characteristics. As far as the inheritance of civilization is concerned, the three generations of history and culture summarized by Confucius are represented by the chapters "Zai Yu Wen Wu Di De", "Emperor’s Family Name" and "Book of Rites and Liyun" in The Book of Rites, which have been passed down from generation to generation. Since the 20th century, the unearthed bamboo and silk documents have played an important role in the inheritance of contemporary Chinese civilization, which is worth our further study.

　　Guangming Daily (11th edition, March 16th, 2024)

Like a model in heaven, it is really a good example in the world, this creator, positive energy! Welcome everyone to pay attention, like, comment, forward and collect, thank you!

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The rising star of China football: From Lei Wu to Wei Shihao, when talking about the top football players in China, most people will undoubtedly answer "Lei Wu". The attacker who scored high scores in the Super League has become a symbol of the national team. But with the passage of time, a new name is quietly emerging, and that is Wei Shihao.

Lei Wu’s brilliant Lei Wu is undoubtedly the legend of China football. From the moment he first entered the Super League, his outstanding performance attracted countless eyes. Not only did he score in double figures for five consecutive years, but in the sixth season, he became the top scorer of the league with 27 goals. At his peak, he went to Spain to play for Espanyol and became the representative of China football in Europe. However, as she grew older, Lei Wu chose to return to China.

Looking for a new leader, Lei Wu still paid a lot for the national team and the club after returning to China, but his status gradually declined. This also makes people start to think, who can take over the banner of Lei Wu and become the new leader of the national football team? The Rise of Wei Shihao When it comes to this question, Wei Shihao is undoubtedly the most anticipated answer. In this season, the Wuhan three towns team is facing great difficulties. However, Wei Shihao brought hope to the team with his excellent performance. He not only scored goals at the crucial moment, but also solved the difficulties for the team almost every time. In the match with the Shenzhen team, he even staged a winner and won the team.

Wei Shihao, the hero at the crucial moment, not only performed well in the Super League, but also performed well in the AFC Champions League and the national team. He almost became the savior of the team at the critical moment. Whenever the team is in trouble, we can see Wei Shihao stand up and bring hope to the team.

At the moment of carrying the banner, Wei Shihao showed his strength in the Super League, the AFC Champions League and the national team. He not only scored key goals, but also brought vitality to the team on the court. It can be said that he has taken over the banner of Lei Wu and become the new leader of the national football team.

Looking forward to the future Wei Shihao’s outstanding performance undoubtedly made people have high hopes for him. He not only has excellent strength, but also has the potential to lead the team. Many people expect him to bring more honor to the national football team in the future.

What’s your opinion? What do you think of Wei Shihao’s performance? Do you think he can carry the banner of China football in the future? I look forward to your comments in the comments section.

Pay more attention If you are interested in football, Super League and Wei Shihao, please pay attention to our headlines, and we will bring you more exciting content.

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The new star of China football: From Lei Wu to Wei Shihao, China football has been looking for a new leader, and Lei Wu once assumed this responsibility. His brilliant achievements and Spanish league experience made him the representative of China football in Europe. As time goes by, his state declines, which makes us start to think about who can take over the banner. At this time, Wei Shihao emerged as a highly anticipated answer. His performance in Wuhan Sanzhen team is not only outstanding in the Super League, but also shows his savior-like ability in the AFC Champions League and the national team. He seems to have taken over the banner of Lei Wu and become the new leader of the national football team.

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The rise of Wei Shihao marks a new chapter in China football. His heroic performance at the crucial moment filled the fans with hope, whether in the Super League or the national team. His strength and charisma earned him the respect of the fans. He has started to carry the banner of China football and become the new leader of the national team.

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In the future, we have good expectations for Wei Shihao. He not only has strength, but also has the potential as a leader, which can bring more honor to the national football team. His emergence makes people full of confidence in the future of China football, expecting him to continue to succeed in the international arena.

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On the whole, the rise of Wei Shihao bodes well for China football. He has shown the potential of a leader and deserves high hopes from fans and the national team. I hope he can continue to make outstanding contributions to China football in the future and raise China football to a higher level.

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On the whole, the rise of Wei Shihao bodes well for China football. He has shown the potential of a leader and deserves high hopes from fans and the national team. I hope he can continue to make outstanding contributions to China football in the future and raise China football to a higher level.

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Special feature of 1905 film network Officially unveiled! On December 14th, (hereinafter referred to as) took the lead in opening the screening before the domestic release to meet the first audience.

According to the data of Lighthouse Professional Edition, up to now, the box office of the first day of the film has broken 22 million, accounting for nearly 80% of the box office, and the total box office of point screening and pre-sale has broken 170 million.

Avatar 2 is only released in 3D in China, and there is no 2D version. The audience’s great expectations for Avatar 2 are also in 3D visual effects. Good 3D content needs good projection technical support, and high-quality 3D glasses are also indispensable. A pair of good 3D glasses can bring a clearer and more stereoscopic impression.

"Avatar 2" has hit in an all-round way. Are there any 3D glasses in domestic cinemas? 1905 Film Network consulted a number of cinemas and learned that there are different situations. Some are stepping up the replenishment of stocks, and some are well stocked, so they are temporarily on hold.

For example, Tony chen, the head of Jiangxi Yuemu Studios, told us that all its chain studios are urgently buying 3D glasses. "Each studio has about 1,000 seats, so there will be 2,000 pairs of glasses."

"Ordinary studios generally don’t stock too many 3D glasses. The main reason is that the number of 3D movies in China is still relatively small, and it can’t be too much in a year." Xie Xingxin, manager of Chongqing Baisha International Studios, explained. In general, the ratio of the number of 3D glasses to the number of seats in a cinema is 1:1.5-1:2, that is, 150 to 200 pairs of 3D glasses for 100 seats. These glasses have a long service life under good maintenance. Except for cinemas that don’t provide free glasses and sell 3D glasses, they usually prepare a certain amount of goods.

So, for the enterprises specializing in the production and supply of 3D glasses, what business changes have they experienced in the 13 years since Avatar 2? Can the arrival of Avatar 2 drive a new wave of demand for 3D glasses products and improve the technical quality?

In this regard, 1905 Film Network visited three domestic enterprises that produce and supply 3D glasses. Because of the arrival of Avatar 2, they unanimously said — — Orders for 3D glasses have exploded recently.

01

"Orders and production lines are all full. At present, there are millions of orders received, all of which are trying to stock up for customers. According to this demand ratio, this month’s output may exceed 10 million pairs. "

Liu Bingbing, general manager of Shenzhen Future Stereo Technology Co., Ltd. told us that the average annual output of the company’s brand "Geduowei" 3D glasses is 30-40 million pairs. Because of Avatar 2, at least a quarter of the annual output is concentrated this month.

Established in 2009, Future Stereo is one of the earliest enterprises in China to manufacture 3D glasses, and now there are 2,000-3,000 cinemas in cooperation with all parts of the country. Liu Bingbing said that since Avatar 2 was finalized overseas in early November, they predicted that it would land in China mainland cinemas and increase the production of 3D glasses ahead of schedule.

Time Huaying is also an early enterprise in China to develop, produce and sell cinema 3D systems and 3D glasses. It has more than 20 million pairs of medium and large-sized 3D glasses production bases with annual production capacity, and its 3D brand "Feidio" mainly cooperates with China Film and Wanda.

Time Huaying introduced that they had already made full preparations for the release of Avatar 2. After the file was finalized, major studios and cinemas quickly placed orders, and the order volume of 3D glasses reached millions, which was more than 10 times higher than the average monthly shipment.

3D glasses manufacturer Hengchuang Bora is also accelerating production, "obvious changes. Because of "Avatar 2", the demand for 3D glasses in cooperative studios has increased a lot. In recent years, there has been no business and a lot fewer workers. Now I am busy and the production is really tight. " Huang Shuisong, a staff member of Hengchuang Bora, said.

According to the annual shipment trend chart of 3D glasses provided by Time Huaying, the company’s shipment of 3D glasses reached its peak in 2017, and then gradually declined, reaching its lowest point in 2020 due to the epidemic. In the past two years, shipments have shown a slow growth trend.

Times Huaying 3D glasses annual shipment trend chart

Time Huaying explained that around 2017, most studios chose to sell 3D glasses, which led to the sales of 3D glasses. Since then, due to a large number of "pseudo-3D" movies, 3D movies specially provided by China, and the uneven screening equipment, a series of problems at the content end and the restoration end have greatly reduced the effect of 3D movies, and watching 3D movies is dark and dizzy, causing many viewers to start to resist and resist 3D movies.

From the data point of view, according to the statistics of the Motion Picture Association of America, the global box office revenue of 3D movies decreased from 21% in 2017 to 6% in 2020, and rose to 7% in 2021. According to the statistics of 1905 Movie Network, the number of domestic (including co-production) live-action 3D movies has gradually increased from one in 2011 to 26 in 2016, and then it has also decreased year by year. By 2021, only two domestic 3D live-action movies will be released.

It can be seen that the popularity of 3D movies has indeed declined since 2017, and the demand for 3D glasses has also decreased with the coldness of the 3D movie market.

Liu Bingbing’s feelings about this are particularly obvious. "Especially in the past three years, many 3D suppliers have closed down. Because our company’s future technology has always adhered to overseas markets, there are still relatively many 3D movies released from India to the United States, so the shrinkage in the whole industry is not too serious. "

Similarly, Hengchuang Bora has also focused on the foreign trade market in recent years. Huang Shuisong revealed that the average annual sales of 3D glasses produced by the company now reach 50 million pairs, which are mainly sold to overseas markets. The average annual sales in China are about 6 million pairs, accounting for less than 15%. Now, because of Avatar 2, the supply of 3D glasses has been promoted instantly.

In addition to ordinary 3D, Avatar 2 also released CINITY, IMAX3D, DolbyCinema, China Giant Screen and other versions. Different special effects halls have 3D glasses with different standards, which cannot be used universally.

Take IMAX as an example. When Avatar was released in 2010, there were only 14 IMAX theaters in China, and the tickets of major IMAX theaters were sold out quickly. In 2021, Avatar was re-released in 716 IMAX studios nationwide, setting a record for the first weekend of IMAX re-released films in China. Avatar not only directly promoted the full blossom of IMAX cinemas in China, but also upgraded the laser IMAX from the first generation to the third generation. It is worth noting that the 3D glasses of the three generations of laser IMAX cinemas are not different and cannot be used with each other.

If the cinema does not provide 3D glasses for free, the audience needs to buy them according to the specifications of the cinema, and different brands have different quality and price. Under the influence of the epidemic, for the sake of safety and hygiene, the demand for 3D glasses purchased by the audience will increase, which will undoubtedly usher in a wave of benefits for 3D glasses sellers.

02

Although domestic cinemas sell 3D glasses, most of them are mainly provided free of charge. Nowadays, the profits of selling 3D glasses in cinemas are relatively low.

Zener International Studios currently has 26 chain studios in China. Li Bin, assistant general manager, said that before 2016, the sales of 3D glasses in studios were good. Later, the competition among studios was fierce, and the 3D fever ebbed, so it was basically provided to the audience free of charge.

At present, there are 40,000 pairs of 3D glasses in the studio, and the purchase price a few years ago was close to 5 yuan. "This time, let’s take the opportunity of Avatar 2 to clean up the inventory. The prices of different 3D glasses range from 10-30 yuan, and basically do a 50% discount package tying."

3D glasses are also products with small profits but quick turnover, mainly relying on low profits, low prices and expanding sales to increase revenue.

From Ma Yuwu, the head of Beijing Xiwang International Studios, who provided us with a price list of 3D glasses promoted by a merchant, we can see that the general cost of 3D glasses is low — —

"Ordinary model /0.2mm/0.88 yuan, children model /0.2mm/0.90 yuan, hanging clip model /0.2mm/0.70 yuan, clip model /0.7mm/3.5 yuan (unit price of more than 1000 sets); There is also a batch of 3D glasses (giant screen model /0.28, Skyworth model /0.4 double antibody, bicolor model /0.28). "

The production threshold of 3D glasses is low, and many 3D glasses made by small enterprises and family workshops on the market do not meet the certification standards. There are not many domestic enterprises with big brands and a certain production scale. After a large number of unqualified 3D glasses manufacturers join the production team, they will have a great impact on the big manufacturers in terms of quality and price.

"When the first Avatar was released, a pair of 3D glasses could be sold at an ex-factory price of 200 yuan in 300 yuan and 700 yuan in 800 yuan. Nowadays, the ex-factory price of 3D glasses is more than one piece at most. In recent years, the volume has been serious, which has led to malicious price competition, so it basically does not make money. Even if Avatar 2 comes, our price is the lowest, and it is great that a pair of 3D glasses can earn five cents at most. We also want to make more orders overseas. "

Liu Bingbing said that if the sci-fi blockbuster released in the Spring Festival in 2023 can also be released in 3D, it will greatly stimulate the sales of 3D products together with Avatar 2. He hopes that Avatar 2 can stimulate the high-quality enjoyment of domestic 3D viewing and indirectly promote the quality and effect of 3D movies in China. Because only good 3D movies can have good 3D glasses.

Even if 3D glasses can be supplied to amusement parks, theme parks, science and technology museums, aquariums, 3D TVs, home private cinemas and other places of entertainment, cinemas are still the main core supply target.

Time Huaying is also optimistic about the future prospects of the 3D glasses industry. "With the market growth, the glasses factory gradually turned to automatic production, increased production capacity, and the price of glasses gradually rationalized. The audience’s requirements for the quality of 3D glasses increased, and more people chose high-quality 3D glasses with high contrast and high transmittance."

The ultimate 3D effect created by Avatar 2 and the audience’s high pursuit of 3D viewing experience will force the cinema 3D projection technology and the quality of 3D glasses to be upgraded. When excellent 3D content is blessed by high-quality projection equipment and viewing equipment, viewers who love watching 3D movies will definitely return to the cinema.

Xinhua News Agency, Fuzhou, November 1st (Reporter Li Haoze, Xiao Shiyao) The 2023 FISU Football World Cup ended in Jinjiang, Fujian on October 31st. The men’s team of paulista University in Brazil and the women’s team of Beijing Normal University won the men’s team and the women’s team respectively.

On October 31st, Zhou Xinyu (right), a player of Beijing Normal University team, shot in the game. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Lai Jincai)

The men’s and women’s finals were held on October 31st. In the first women’s final, the women’s team of Beijing Normal University played against the women’s team of paulista University in Brazil. After the two sides scored twice in the regular time, they made no achievements, and the game entered a penalty shootout. In the end, the women’s team of Beijing Normal University scored five penalty kicks, defeating their opponents with a total score of 7:6 and winning the championship.

On October 31st, the starting players of Beijing Normal University team took a group photo before the game. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Lai Jincai)

In the men’s final, a penalty shootout was staged again, and the men’s team of paulista University in Brazil and the Ukrainian National University of Economics and Business competed fiercely. The two sides drew 1:1 at regular time, and drew a blank in overtime. Finally, the men’s team of paulista University of Brazil won the men’s team championship with a total score of 7:6 after a penalty shootout.

In the third-place battle held on the same day, the men’s team of the University of Uruguay and the women’s team of Bordeaux University of France beat their respective opponents and won the third place in the men’s team and the women’s team respectively.

Another China team, Hohai University Men’s Team, finished eighth in the men’s team, up five places from the last competition.

The FISU Football World Cup is held every two years, and this year is the second. The first four events were held in Jinjiang.

　　On August 10th, there was a soaking rain in Hongyang country, Haiyuan County, zhongwei City, Ningxia.

　　Yang Hongqin, a villager in Anbao Village, walked out of her yard. She looked at the moon mountain covered with green mountains and sighed that the rain has been getting better and better in recent years, and it rained almost once a week recently. When the vegetation is lush, small animals such as ground squirrels, pheasants, rabbits and so on are "hidden" by thick vegetation.

　　At one time, the soil on the slope couldn’t hold any moisture, and the 5-inch-long weasel could see clearly from the hillside. It was a time when one side of the soil and water couldn’t support one side. Cao Yuhu, the "shopkeeper" of Yang Hongqin’s family, was playing weasel with the villagers on this barren slope at that time. Although it was interesting, the life was sad.

　　There is little rain, and potatoes, which are the "protagonists" of mountain people’s diet, are sometimes never harvested, not to mention wheat and beans. This year, in the 15-mu potato field in Yang Hongqin’s home, the roots are half a person’s height, and the purple and white potato flowers are arranged neatly.

Yang Hongqin works with all kinds of fresh vegetables in her garden. Zhang heshe

　　"The thicker the potato vine, the bigger it is, indicating that the potato grows better. In recent years, the rain has been good, and the soil here is mainly black loessial soil and calcareous soil. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in July, August and September. The precipitation law is consistent with the potato tuber expansion period, which is very conducive to potato yield increase. " Pang Shenggang, secretary of the Party branch of Anbao Village, introduced.

　　Although October is the potato harvest season, at this time, Pang Shenggang’s tone is firm: potatoes will definitely be harvested this year. Some potatoes dug out of the ground not long ago are big.

　　In the past two years, Hongyang Township has built a potato seed breeding base in Machang Natural Village, Anbao Village, to realize self-propagation and self-sufficiency of high-quality virus-free seed potatoes. Looking at Hongyang Township, the whole township takes potatoes as the leading industry, and has built nearly 6,000 mu of potato first-class seed potato promotion demonstration zone, with a total of 58,000 mu of potato planting, an increase of more than 10,000 mu over last year.

　　The increase of potato income is inseparable from the integration of new technologies and the promotion of new varieties, but it is also inseparable from the weather. Potato is a dry crop, but there is also a demand for rain. With less rain, the yield of potato is low, and the yield is naturally affected. In recent years, Hongyang Township has continuously promoted the potato industry. In addition to being suitable for planting potatoes, the increasing rainfall year by year has also increased the confidence of Hongyang people in planting potatoes.

Under the moon, grass grows and warblers fly. Zhang heshe

　　Xihaigu is short of water, and Hongyang Township is no exception.

　　Once, it was the collective memory of the villagers that the rain could not be stored and the soil erosion was serious. A flood in 1989 was firmly "nailed" in the memory of Yin Xuefeng, deputy head of Hongyang Township. The flood poured down the mountain, reaching the deepest point of 2 meters, which made many farmers’ water cellars "overflow". After the flood, except for the washed-out crops and silted rivers, the hills are still desolate.

　　When will this bitter day end? The change began around 2003, when the villagers were told to close the mountain to prohibit grazing and not to put sheep on the mountain. Since October 2002, all cities and counties in Ningxia have started to close grazing. By 2003, the whole region had closed mountains to close grazing, and 3.8 million shepherds had been released "down the mountain", and domestic animals and sheep had been kept in captivity.

Under the moon, grass grows and warblers fly. Zhang heshe

　　At first, some villagers didn’t understand that after so many years, who can change the soil and water in this area? However, the power of time proves everything.

　　Over the years, Hongyang Township has returned 50,000 mu of farmland to forests, managed 13.6 kilometers of rivers, and continued to implement the policy of grazing prohibition and enclosure. Through specific measures such as changing sloping fields into terraces and keeping water from going downhill, the ecology will be restored. The villagers gradually discovered that the once barren hills and slopes were covered with vegetation, and the ecological migration was also taken over by nature. The most intuitive embodiment is that the rainfall is increasing year by year, and the average rainfall in previous years is 300— 400 mm, since 2016, the rainfall has become more abundant, reaching 750 mm in 2019, forming a unique regional microclimate, leaning against Nanhua Mountain in the north, and the mountains and rivers in Hongyang Township are flying.

　　Cao Yuhu and Yang Hongqin took off the "hat" of the poor households who set up the card through policy assistance and hard work, and built a new house in 2018. Today, more than 70 sheep and 15 acres of potato land are the stable sources of income at home. Cao Yuhu works odd jobs in the village with the welding skills learned in the skills training class organized by the village. Three children grow up and go to school outside, and their lives are full of flavor. "Now let’s drive the sheep up the mountain. I won’t do it. I can’t bear to part with such a beautiful mountain." Yang Hongqin said.

　　Duan Fuqiang, Party Secretary of Hongyang Township, said, "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. Through persistent ecological restoration, the improvement of the ecological environment that the people really feel directly drives farmers to increase their income. In the future, we will continue to lead the masses to a well-off society and live a better life by improving the ecology. " (Correspondent Zhang Heguang Daily, all-media reporter Zhang Wenpan)

　　It’s the season to enjoy pineapple at will, and its sweet fragrance is everywhere in fruit shops and mobile fruit carts on the street, which is irresistible! However, many people have had this experience: pineapple will "sting"! Not only will its coat and crown on its head prick hands, but its flesh will also sting its mouth! Our oral cavity will be strongly stimulated, resulting in tingling, acidity and itching of oral mucosa and gums. What’s more, it suffers from bleeding, inflammation, redness and swelling around the mouth and lips. This is why people often soak pineapples in salt water first — — Reduce the intensity of its "sting mouth".

　　Why do pineapples sting?

　　Because pineapple is so "smart", in order to prevent humans and other creatures from eating it, it not only wears a barbed armor, but also hides three heavyweight weapons in the flesh.

　　The first heavy weapon: calcium oxalate needle crystal

　　Calcium oxalate needle crystal is the physical killing means of pineapple. Under the microscope, the bundle of calcium oxalate needle crystal wrapped by pulp tissue cells is like countless dense needles. They have a very powerful characteristic: they are insoluble in water. So it is not easy to be dissolved by our saliva!

　　When we chew pineapple pulp, we will destroy the tissue cells of the pulp because of the grinding of teeth, which is equivalent to opening the door to these invisible sharp needles that originally locked them. Once these sharp needles are released into the mouth, they will mercilessly "plunge" into any mucosal tissue they touch. With our continuous chewing, calcium oxalate needle crystals can be "pushed" into our tongue, inner wall of mouth, throat and gums, which are soft, delicate and have no resistance.

　　The second weapon: bromelain

　　This enzyme can be extracted from the pulp, peel and even stem of pineapple. Little friends who often cook must be familiar with this enzyme, because it is an important "second party" of tender meat powder. The common tender meat powder is either papain or bromelain.

　　Proteases, as the name implies, can decompose protein. On the one hand, bromelain will activate the "PAR" protease "alarm" in oral epithelial cells and free nerve endings, and after being activated, it will awaken the nerve pathway that can trigger itching. On the other hand, bromelain itself does destroy the protein of our oral mucosa — — It is achieved by decomposing and "cutting" the connective proteins between cells.

　　In this way, the defense network of oral mucosal cells is "relaxed" and the barrier protection is weakened, which makes it easier for some pathogens to take an opportunity to trigger inflammation or immune response.

　　Knowledge small link:

　　In fact, many fruits and vegetables contain both calcium oxalate crystals and proteases, such as papaya, spinach and figs. When we eat these fruits and vegetables, we won’t have obvious irritation, because the calcium oxalate crystals they contain are not needle-shaped, but oval or dumbbell-shaped and other non-lethal irregular shapes, so they won’t hurt our oral mucosa.

　　But kiwifruit is an exception. Calcium oxalate crystals in kiwifruit pulp are also needle-shaped, and kiwifruit also contains cysteine proteolytic enzyme. Therefore, when we eat kiwifruit, we will feel tingling more or less. Therefore, kiwifruit is also a kind of fruit that can "eat people", but it is not as fierce as pineapple, probably because its weapons and equipment are not as good as pineapple.

　　The third weapon: organic acids

　　The sour taste produced by organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid and quinic acid contained in pineapple not only stimulates our taste receptors, but also stimulates the pain receptors in the oral cavity. Combined with the first two weapons of pineapple, the lethality is self-evident.

　　The "killer" to conquer pineapple

　　How many have you learned?

　　In order to conquer the killer of pineapple and make it a delicious dish for human beings, our ancestors summed up several stunts for us:

　　1. Salt water soaking: This is the most common treatment method, which is said to "destroy bromelain". However, this principle is controversial and unsolvable, because sodium chloride in table salt is not a heavy metal salt, so it can’t denature protein. At best, some organic acids in pulp can be dissolved in water by soaking in salt water, thus reducing the stimulating effect of organic acids. Moreover, it is a bit salty to be sweet — — A small amount of salty taste can increase the taste buds’ perception of sweetness, which makes us feel "Wow! So sweet and beautiful! "

　　Of course, some people support that salt can reduce the activity of bromelain, and tell us through laboratory research data that different concentrations of salt water can really improve the problem of pineapple sting to varying degrees. When the concentration of saline increased significantly (from 0% to 3.5%, and then to 7% and 10.5%), the activity of bromelain decreased gradually. But what is the principle, it seems that it has not been verified.

　　2. Pepper salting: This is a classic way to eat in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. It is sweet, sour, salty and spicy, and it is very delicious. As for whether the pain caused by spicy taste overwhelmed the acupuncture pain of pineapple in the end, or whether capsaicin and salt together inhibited the activity of bromelain, it is hard to say. I really expect someone to study this topic well to solve my confusion.

　　3. Heating: As a protein afraid of heat, bromelain can’t continue to show off at high temperature. When pineapple pulp is heated above 60 degrees Celsius, bromelain will be inactivated and calcium oxalate needle crystals will be dissolved to some extent. This is also the reason why pineapple pulp in delicious foods such as pineapple goo old meat and pineapple rice won’t make us feel stung. However, after heating to this temperature, the crisp, tough and cool taste of the pulp may be discounted, and interested friends can try it.

　　However, there must be some friends who refuse to heat the pineapple and are too lazy to soak it in salt water. So, how can you enjoy the delicious pineapple and relieve the pain of your mouth? The following two items are for reference — —

　　1. Make a quick decision: don’t eat slowly for a long time, and don’t give pineapple black weapons a chance to kill you fully;

　　2. Rinse your mouth in time: rinse your mouth immediately after eating pineapple to reduce the residence time of calcium oxalate needle crystals and bromelain in your mouth. If you like, you can rinse it several times, and the effect will be better. Text/Liu Suiqian (popular science worker, clinical nutritionist, member of China Nutrition Society)