Liverpool must be alert. There are three factors that will make it more and more difficult to introduce Bellingham. First, both Real Madrid and Manchester City are very interested in Bellingham, and the players seem to be a little moved. Second, the player’s termination fee is very high, and he himself wants a higher salary; Third, the player wants to go to a team with superior strength in the Champions League.

Klopp has made it clear that Liverpool intend to reinforce the midfield this summer. Bellingham is their number one target, but they face competition from Real Madrid and Manchester City. The England international’s contract expires in 2025, and the new club may have to pay more than 100 million pounds to poach him from Dortmund. Liverpool have recently been regarded as the most promising signing for Bellingham, and the Premier League club is "increasingly confident".

However, the German media "Kicker" reported that Bellingham’s father had met with senior officials of Real Madrid many times. If Real Madrid is serious and Liverpool are not ready to make a good offer as soon as possible, it will become more and more difficult for Bellingham to move to Anfield.

It is reported that the meeting between Bellingham’s father and the next team took place not only in England, but also in the Spanish capital the week before. But the important thing is that Bellingham himself has not made a decision, and he has not negotiated with Dortmund. Liverpool are still competing for this talented player, but Real Madrid is becoming more and more popular with players. klopp’s team must submit a sincere offer as soon as possible.

Klopp has admitted: Once it comes to money, I don’t want to talk about it. Having said that, Bellingham’s motivation for transfer is not just money. Dortmund hopes that he will stay with the team after the end of this season, and they hope that he can sign a new contract. However, The Kicker added that Dortmund’s elimination from the Champions League by Chelsea would bring unpleasant consequences. Dortmund’s situation is a bit difficult. Dortmund can’t be compared with Real Madrid and Liverpool in terms of football or salary.

If you lose to Chelsea in the second round, Dortmund will miss the quarter-finals and lose a prize of 10.6 million euros. Dortmund could have used this money to keep Bellingham. Dortmund boss Watzck is considering offering Bellingham an annual salary of 15 million euros. Now it seems that it is difficult for Bellingham to stay in the Bundesliga!

So for this news, fans, do you have anything to say? If you like this article, welcome to pay attention to Beta and chat with the stars and the ball game.

Jin Hyundai said,The company has applied NLP (Natural Language Processing), OCR (Optical Character Recognition) and image recognition technologies in some software systems.At present, the specific application scenarios include:1) Automatic labeling of cadre evaluation.NLP technology is used to label all kinds of documents and materials of cadre evaluation automatically, which breaks through the integration of text multi-classification, semantic recognition and rule engine, and the accuracy of labeling is over 95%, which is completely practical.2) Intelligent search of knowledge base documents.Based on NLP technology, word segmentation, entity recognition and text similarity processing are carried out for document titles and contents, and a labeling system is established to label all documents. Under the traditional search strategy of text matching and sorting, intelligent search based on tags and semantic network is realized, and the accuracy of search results is greatly improved, which is closer to the needs of users.3) Text extraction of biomedical equipment report.Using OCR technology, the experimental reports of biomedical equipment (editable PDF and scanned PDF, etc.) are accurately extracted, which avoids the problems of low efficiency and error-prone caused by manual copying, and solves the problems of small font recognition and table breakage recognition.4) Image recognition of live equipment.OCR technology is used to identify and extract the instrument and interface data of power equipment, which greatly improves the efficiency of manual inspection. Compared with the general OCR model, it further solves the problems of identifying special characters (such as ω, μ) in the power field.5) Intelligent pre-examination of project data.Using image recognition and OCR technology, the key information of the project can be automatically recognized from the paper report image, and seals and signatures of different colors, shapes and sizes can be recognized at the same time. With the company’s further research on artificial intelligence technology and the implementation of measures such as the company’s access to Baidu Wenxin Yiyan, the company will have more and more research results and application scenarios in the field of artificial intelligence in the future. At present, similar products of MOSS are not involved.

Although tuchel left Chelsea in September, the 12 points he got for the team still helped Chelsea a lot. Porter only got 22 points for Chelsea within a few months after he took office. Tuchel, who helped Chelsea win the Champions League, is still at home, but many big clubs still want his guidance. The season is coming to an end, and which team tuchel will join next has become a topic of concern.

As far as the current news is concerned, only three teams in tuchel are likely to be joined by tuchel, including La Liga powerhouse Real Madrid, French powerhouse Barley and Premier League Hotspur. Among the three teams, Greater Paris is a team coached by tuchel. Its Champions League record and the strength demonstrated during the construction of the team have once again attracted the attention of the management of Greater Paris, and the Qatari boss also wants to invite tuchel back. Campos, who has an ambiguous relationship with Garti, has no big view on this issue.

Despite the good performance of Tottenham Hotspur this season, Kong Di’s departure is basically inevitable, and the two have already embarked on the journey of changing coaches early. At present, there are mainly two candidates, Pochettino and tuchel. Although Pochettino once coached Tottenham Hotspur, it has become an obstacle to coaching again. On the contrary, tuchel is more likely to join the team. Just as far as tuchel’s personality is concerned, it’s difficult to get in touch with the management of Tottenham Hotspur, and it’s unlikely that he will choose Tottenham Hotspur. After all, the character of Tottenham boss Levi is well known in the Premier League and even in the world football.

As for Real Madrid, it is different. Ancelotti still has some opportunities to coach. If the team can win the Champions League again this season, then he may stay, but if he can’t do this, his departure is inevitable. According to Spanish media reports, tuchel ranked first in the selection of Real Madrid’s coaching position, and tuchel himself is now taking the initiative to learn Spanish. In order to prepare for the next step of coaching Real Madrid, just wait patiently for the end of Ancelotti.

There are so many famous stars in European football, and they almost take turns to coach the major clubs, and tuchel, the coach who won the Champions League, has naturally become the target of everyone’s pursuit. Besides him, Pochettino and Zidane are the focus of team competition in the summer transfer period, but tuchel has a more obvious advantage than others. The reason for his withdrawal from Chelsea is not his personal record, but his harmonious relationship with the management, and there are not many problems with his coaching ability.

There are many opportunities for intelligent sensors. As the first of the six technologies in the United States, artificial intelligence can improve our quality of life through the combination of artificial intelligence and sensors. The development trend of intelligent sensors is to monitor in real time, be flexible and light, and the key is to analyze multiple parameters at the same time, be wearable and non-invasive.

Inspired by recent biological discoveries, researchers have developed a new model that shows enhanced memory performance. This is achieved by modifying a classic neural network. Computer models play a key role in studying the process of making and retaining memories and other complex information in the brain. However, building this model is a delicate task.

The intricate interaction between electrical and biochemical signals and the connection network between neurons and other cell types create the basic structure for the formation of memory. Nevertheless, due to the limited understanding of the basic biology of the brain, it has proved to be a difficult task to code the complex biology of the brain into a computer model for further study.

Researchers at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) improved the widely used memory computer model (called Hopfield Network) by incorporating biological insights. This change has inspired a neural network, which not only better reflects the connection between neurons and other cells in the brain, but also has the ability to store more memories.

Thomas Burns, a doctoral student in the group of Professor Zhishu Shenjing, who is the head of OIST’s neurocoding and brain computing department, said that the increased complexity in the network makes it more realistic.

"Why is there so much complexity in biology? Memory may be one reason, "Mr. Burns said.

In the classical Hopfield network (left), each neuron (I, J, K, L) is connected with other neurons in pairs. In the improved network made by Burns and Professor Shenjing, three or more groups of neurons can be connected at the same time. Source: Thomas Burns (OIST)

Hopfield network stores memory as a weighted connection pattern between different neurons in the system. The network is "trained" to encode these patterns, and then researchers can test its memory of these patterns by presenting a series of vague or incomplete patterns to see if the network can recognize them as patterns it already knows. However, in the classical Hopfield network, the neurons in the model are connected with other neurons in the network to form a series of so-called "paired" connections.

Paired connections represent the connection between two neurons at the synapse, which is the connection point between two neurons in the brain. But in reality, neurons have complex branching structures called dendrites, which provide multiple connection points, so the brain relies on more complex synaptic arrangements to complete its cognitive work. In addition, the connections between neurons are regulated by other cell types called astrocytes.

Burns explained: "There are only paired connections between neurons in the brain, which is simply unrealistic. He created an improved Hopfield network, in which not only pairs of neurons, but also three, four or more groups of neurons can be connected, such as astrocytes and dendritic trees in the brain. "

Although the new network allows these so-called "collective" connections, on the whole, it contains the same number of connections as before. The researchers found that a hybrid network with paired connections and collective connections performed best and retained the most memory. They estimate that its effect is more than twice that of the traditional Hopfield network.

It turns out that you actually need to balance the combination of various features to some extent, Burns said. A single synapse is necessary, but you should also need some dendritic trees and some astrocytes.

Hopfield networks are very important for simulating brain processes, but they also have powerful other uses. For example, a very similar network type called Transformers is a language tool based on artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, so the improvements identified by Burns and Professor Shenjing may also make such tools more powerful.

Burns and his colleagues plan to continue to study their modified Hopfield networks to make them more powerful. For example, in the brain, the connection strength between neurons is usually different in two directions, so researchers want to know whether this asymmetric feature can also improve the performance of the network. In addition, he also wants to explore ways to make the memories of the network interact, just as they do in the human brain. Our memory is multifaceted and huge. We still have a lot to discover. "

Since November 2022, ChatGPT, a chat robot developed by American artificial intelligence research company OpenAI, has quickly become the fastest-growing consumer-grade application in history, attracting widespread attention. The emergence of ChatGPT has become the tipping point of the development of artificial intelligence, which has promoted the competition of scientific and technological innovation in various countries to enter a new track. The leap of technology will inevitably lead to in-depth observation in application scenarios. No matter how smart artificial intelligence services become, adapting to and meeting the needs of human development is always the fundamental direction. Facing the future, discussing ChatGPT’s important influence on people’s mode of production, lifestyle, way of thinking, behavior mode, values, industrial revolution and academic research will help us to use and manage this technology correctly and then think about the development prospect of artificial intelligence.

Hegel mentioned the concept of bubble burst in the Ethical System, which meant that the process of destruction was like an expanding bubble bursting into countless tiny water droplets. If we look at the development of artificial intelligence technology with this concept, we will find that it is more consistent. After the artificial intelligence bubble burst in 1956, it became many tiny water droplets and splashed everywhere. There are AlphaGo and so on in chess; There are AlphaFold and so on in scientific research; Language dialogue includes LaMDA, ChatGPT, etc. Image generation includes Discord, Midjourney and so on. These technologies have gradually converged into a force, which has involved mankind in an era of intelligent generation.

ChatGPT: generating and embedding

Generation constitutes the first feature of ChatGPT, which means innovation, but this is questioned. Chomsky believes that ChatGPT discovers rules from massive data, and then connects the data according to the rules to form similar content written by people, and thinks that ChatGPT is a plagiarism tool. This view is somewhat inaccurate. In the process of ChatGPT generation, something new is produced. However, this is not new in the sense of existence, that is to say, it does not produce new objects, but finds unseen objects from old things through attention mechanism. In this sense, it belongs to the new in the sense of attention. In 2017, a paper entitled "Attention is All You Need" proposed transformer based on the concept of attention, and later ChatGPT used this algorithm. This technology uses self-attention, multi-head-attention and other mechanisms to ensure the emergence of new content. Moreover, ChatGPT may also generate text by reasoning, and the results can not be summarized by plagiarism.

Embedding constitutes the second feature of ChatGPT, and we can regard the embedding process as enriching some form of content. The development of intelligent technology is divorced from the track of traditional technology development. Traditional technology is often regarded as a single technical article, and its development presents a linear evolution model. However, the development of intelligent technology gradually shows embeddability. For example, as a platform, smart phones can be embedded with many apps. ChatGPT can be embedded in search engines and various applications (such as various word processing software). This kind of embedding can obviously improve the ability of agents. This is the basis of ChatGPT enhancement effect. According to Statista’s statistics, as of January 2023, OpenAI has been closely integrated with science and technology, education, commerce, manufacturing and other industries, and the trend of technology embedding is becoming increasingly obvious. The degree of embedding affects the friendliness of the robot. At present, ChatGPT can’t be embedded in the robot as a sound program. In our contact, it is more like a pen pal. In the future, companion robots and talking robots may be more important, such as voice communication, human talking, machine listening and responding.

ChatGPT’s black box status

For ChatGPT, transparency is a big problem. From a technical point of view, opacity stems from the unexplained problem of technology. Therefore, technical experts attach great importance to the interpretability of ChatGPT, and they also have a headache about the black box effect of neural network. In terms of operation mode, the operation of ChatGPT itself is difficult to explain. Stuart Russell clearly pointed out that we don’t know the working principle and mechanism of ChatGPT. Moreover, he doesn’t think that the large-scale language model brings us closer to real intelligence, and the interpretability of the algorithm constitutes a bottleneck problem. In order to solve this problem, they can observe the mechanism of neural network and touch the underlying logic through some technical methods such as reverse engineering. And through the mechanical interpretable method, the results are displayed in its visual and interactive form. With the help of these methods, they opened the black box of neural network. However, the interpretability obtained by this method is only effective for professional and technical personnel.

From a philosophical point of view, the emergence of black box is related to terminology. Difficult and obscure terms will affect the acquisition of theoretical transparency. For example, the theoretical concepts on which ChatGPT algorithm depends need to be clarified. In the article "Attention is All You Need", attention mechanism is a common method, which includes self-attention and multi-attention If these concepts are not effectively clarified, it will be difficult for outsiders to understand, and the black box will still not be opened. Therefore, one of the most basic problems is to clarify attention itself. However, this task is far from complete. Ethical problems caused by lack of transparency will bring about a crisis of trust. If the principle of ChatGPT is difficult to understand, its output will become a problem. In the end, this defect will affect our trust in technology and even lose confidence in technology.

Enhancement effect of ChatGPT

ChatGPT is an intelligent enhancement technology. What it can do is to intelligently generate all kinds of texts. For example, generate an outline of data ethics and generate the research status of a frontier issue. This obviously enhances the search ability and enables people to obtain higher efficiency in a short time. This enhancement is based on generativeness and embeddedness. From the generative point of view, it realizes the discovery of brand-new objects through the transformation of attention; In terms of embeddedness, it greatly improves the function realization of the original agent.

As an intelligent technology, ChatGPT can obviously improve the work efficiency of human beings. This brings out a basic problem: the relationship between human beings and agents. We divide intelligence into substantive intelligence and relational intelligence. Entity intelligence, that is, the intelligence possessed by entities, such as human intelligence, animal intelligence and entity robot intelligence; Relational intelligence is mainly used to describe the relationship between human beings and agents, and augmented intelligence is the main form of relational intelligence. It is necessary to purify the enhanced intelligence, make it show the general significance of people and technology through philosophical treatment, and make it have normative significance through moral treatment.

However, ChatGPT, which can enhance the effect, will cause some ethical problems. The first is the problem of intelligence gap. At present, this technology is limited, and there is a certain technical threshold, which will lead to the widening gap among users, that is, the gap caused by intelligent technology. This is the gap and gap arising from the acquisition of technology. The second is the issue of social equity. Unless this technology can be as popular as mobile phones, this fairness problem will be exposed very significantly. People who can use ChatGPT to work are likely to improve their efficiency significantly; Those who can’t use this technology will keep their efficiency at the original level. The third is the problem of dependence. Users will feel the convenience of this technology during use. For example, it can quickly generate a curriculum outline, write a literature review, and search for key information. This will make users gradually rely on this technology. But this dependence will have more serious consequences. Taking searching literature as an example, with the help of this technology, we can quickly find relevant literature and write a decent summary text. Although ChatGPT can quickly generate a literature review, it has lost the academic training of related abilities, so the result may be that researchers and students have lost their abilities in this field.

The relationship between ChatGPT and human beings

In the face of the rapid offensive of ChatGPT, academic circles generally take a defensive stance, especially many universities have banned the use of this technology in homework and thesis writing. However, prohibition is not the best way to deal with it. Technology is like water, which can be infiltrated in many ways, so relatively speaking, rational guidance is more appropriate.

To guide rationally, we need to consider the relationship between agents and human beings. I prefer to compare the relationship model between the two to "make the finishing point". Taking the generation of text outline as an example, ChatGPT can generate a data ethics outline based on data processing links around related ethical issues in data processing, such as collection, storage and use. In a narrow sense, this outline is appropriate and can reflect some aspects of ethical issues in data processing. However, from a broad point of view, this outline is too narrow, especially only from the data processing itself to understand data, without considering other aspects, such as dataization, data and lifestyle. What we can do or want to do is to make the finishing touch on the generated text and make it "live" through adjustment. In this way, the position of intelligently generated text has also begun to be clear: it is the finishing touch of human beings that plays a key role in the generation. Without this pen, the intelligently generated text is just a text without soul. If not, it will be difficult to guarantee the meaning and value of human beings, and the corresponding ethical problems will also arise.

Biology and medicine

The subversive discovery in Nature is that everyone may have a "sixth sense", but they just don’t realize it.

@ Academic Jingwei Nature

Why are fingerprints unique? Cell reveals the mystery of fingerprint formation

@ Academic Jingwei Cell

Common sugar substitutes in zero-sugar drinks may increase the risk of heart disease and thrombosis.

@ Science Circle Nature

Cell accidentally found that there are these similarities in the brains of fighters and onlookers.

@ Academic Jingwei Cell

Computer artificial intelligence

New posture of scientific research: let GPT-3 help you.

@ qubit arXiv

When organ-like intelligence shines into human reality: will the future computer run on human brain cells?

@ biological exploration Frontiers in Science

A snapshot can restore a video! AAAI 2023 proposes a new snapshot compression imaging algorithm.

@ qubit AAAI 2023

Materials and chemistry

Wang Qing/Huang Xingyi Nature: Energy storage materials, a major breakthrough!

@ nanohuman Nature

The key role of the latest Nature: H in superconductivity in Electronic Science and Technology University of China.

@ nanohuman Nature

Using metal atoms to construct the skeleton of polymer, it is the longest metal polymer so far.

@ Global Science Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Astronomy and physics

The asteroid "Dragon Palace" contains about 20,000 kinds of organic molecules.

@ Global Science Science

Study on local structure in disordered materials by neutron scattering

@ Keai KeAiNuclear Analysis

The most powerful explosion in the universe

@ 京京京京京京京京 arXiv

Cover image source: Unsplash

Live on March 12 th, in the 27th round of Premier League, Tottenham beat Nottingham Forest 3-1 at home. With this victory, Tottenham consolidated its position in the top four of the standings. After the game, Sun Xingyi, who scored a goal, expressed his joy of winning through social media.

Sun Xingyi wrote: "It’s a beautiful day to get three goals and three points. Have a good rest and recover, and fight again next week. "

At 11pm on Saturday, March 18th, Beijing time, in the 28th round of Premier League, Tottenham Hotspur will challenge Southampton away.

ON1 Portrait AI is a photo editing software application designed for portrait retouching and enhancement. It uses artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms to automatically detect and enhance facial features such as eyes, skin, lips and hair. The software allows users to easily adjust and fine-tune all aspects of their portraits, including skin smoothing, blemish removal, tooth whitening, color correction and so on, with just a few clicks. ON1 Portrait AI can be used as a stand-alone application or as a plug-in for other photo editing software (such as Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom). It is suitable for Windows and Mac operating systems. Generally speaking, ON1 Portrait AI is a powerful tool for photographers and anyone who wants to use advanced AI technology to enhance portrait photos quickly and easily.

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Workflow plug-in ON1 Portrait AI is suitable for almost any workflow. Using ON1 Portrait AI as a plug-in can achieve amazing decoration effect in a few seconds:

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